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VPN is a network technology that is used to create secure network connection over a public network Corporations like government organizations , educational institutions use VPN technology so as to help remote users to securely communicate with a private network.A VPN can connect multiple sites over a large distance.
Types of VPN:
1- Secure VPN
2- Trusted VPN
3- Hybrid VPN
Requirements of Secure VPN:
1-Secure VPN requires encrypted and authenticated traffic.
2-All parties in the VPN must agree to the security properties.
3-No outsider (i.e. other than VPN) can affect the security properties of the VPN
Requirements of Trusted VPN:
1-Only trusted VPN provider can affect the creation/modification on a path in the VPN.
2-Only trusted VPN provider can delete data, change data, inject data on a path in the VPN.
3-We establish the routing and addressing before the VPN is created
4-The address boundaries of the secure VPN within the trusted VPN must be extremely clear.
Hybrid VPN requirements
The secure VPN may be subset of trusted VPN in a hybrid VPN.
NOTE: A requirement that is common to all the VPNs is that the VPN administrator must have the extent knowledge of the VPN.
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VPN Protocols :
Below is the list of VPN protocols that make data transport secure over a public network infrastructure. Each protocol has a varied feature in respect of keeping data secure.
1-IP security (IPSec):
1-It is used for secure communications over the Internet. It is also used as a security layer for other
protocols.
2-IPSec traffic can use either transport mode or tunneling to encrypt data traffic in a VPN.
2 Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS):
1-These protocols uses cryptography for secure communications over the Internet.
2-Handshake authentication method is used that is helpful in negotiating network parameters between the
server and client machines.
3-For initating a connection we require an authentication process and certificates.
3-Point-To-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP):
1-This protocol is used to connect a remote client to a private server over the Internet.
2-It is a tunneling protocol (i.e. it encrypts the whole data packet while communication).
3-It is most widely used VPN protocols. We can find it easily with the Windows Operating System.
4-Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP):
1-This protocol is used for encrypting data communications traffic between two sites.
2-L2TP is often used with IPSec to secure the transfer of L2TP payload.
3-A VPN implementation that uses L2TP/IPSec needs certificates or shared key.
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