The feature is available for devices running Android 4.4(API level 19) and higher. We use screenrecord command to perform this task. The screen activity is recorded to an MPEG-4 file, and the same can be downloaded from the device.

Below is the command:

$ adb shell screenrecord /sdcard/screen.mp4

We can stop the recording at any time by simply pressing Ctrl-C, by default the reording limit is 3 minutes. Below is a similar command which specifies time limit in it:

adb shell screenrecord --time-limit 30 /sdcard/screen.mp4

Below is how to record video and pull from device using adb shell:

$ adb shell
shell@ $ screenrecord --verbose /sdcard/screen.mp4
(press Ctrl-C to stop)
shell@ $ exit
$ adb pull /sdcard/screen.mp4

Limitations of using screenrecord command:

It does not record Audio.
It does not support rotation.
On some devices, it does not support recording in device's native resolution.

All the best for your first screen recording :)